Tag: air pollution

What Are The Various Types Of Pollutions?

January 4, 2023
/ Leave a Comment on What Are The Various Types Of Pollutions?

6 min
12 months
1,083 word

Tagged air pollution, health issues, Pollution, pollution in India

What Are The Various Types Of Pollutions?

The world, we are living in is polluted in various ways. Today, pollution has become a major threat for humans. Basic human needs like air, water and food are contaminated in many ways.

keywords – Pollution, air pollution, health issues, pollution in India, climate change

Introduction:

The world, we are living in is polluted in various ways. Today, pollution has become a major threat for humans. Basic human needs like air, water and food are contaminated in many ways. This impurity around us affects our bodies and causes many diseases. Lancet Planetary Health says that 23.5 lakh people died in 2019 due to pollution in India.

What is pollution?

Pollution is also known as the environmental pollution caused by the emission of various gases, smoke, chemicals which make it harmful to humans, animals and plants. The developing countries are facing more pollution problems. Climate change is also one of the impacts of pollution.

Types of pollution

Majorly there are 7 types of pollution –

1. Air Pollution

Air gets polluted by the burning of fossil fuels, plastics, smoking, and harmful gases like carbon-di-oxide, carbon-monoxide, sulphur-di-oxide etc. The other main source for air pollution is construction work, industries and vehicles which emits more harmful gases. In India, we are emitting around 50% of carbon-di-oxide. Our capital Delhi is facing the same problem.

Effects of Air pollution

It affects our respiratory organs, heart, causes cancer, damages nervous system, death etc. Due to air pollution, the child in the mother’s womb gets affected which results in premature birth. Not only humans but animals and plants are also affected. Acid rain and blocking sunlight are also caused by air pollution.

Prevention

To reduce CO₂, we have to plant more trees.

Industries must refine and use long chimneys to emit gases.

Avoid using plastics

2. Noise Pollution

The sound that makes unwanted disturbances to human is called noise pollution.

A decibel is the term used to measure sound. Sound ranges from 20 to 120 decibels.

We can hear up to 75 decibels without any harm. Sounds more than 75 decibels are danger to humans.

The horn sound from vehicles in traffic, rock breaking, train sound, industries sound, and ship sound are harm to us.

Effects of Noise pollution

The most common problem caused by noise pollution is Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), high blood pressure, heart disease, sleep disturbances and stress.

Prevention

By planting trees like Banyan, neem etc. Along the sides of road we can reduce sound pollution in road. Industries should be built faraway from people living areas. Vehicles should be maintained regularly.

In order to prevent noise pollution, government has passed many act. Each and everyone should follow these rules strictly.

3. Water Pollution

This is the second most pollution in the world. Water is the main source for every living being. Today this water is contaminated by industrial wastes, chemicals (like fertilizer, pesticides), plastics, sewage and garbage wastes. Most of the people are using this contaminated water for drinking, washing and for daily usage.

Rivers are the main source of water in India. But it is polluted by industrial wastes.

Most of the people depend on the river water for irrigation. This chemical mixed water affects soil also. A survey says that 70% of water is unfit for usage in India.

Effects of water Pollution

Intake of polluted water causes cholera, dysentery, diarrhea, tuberculosis, jaundice, etc. A report says that 80% of stomach diseases are due to drinking polluted water.

Prevention

Industrial wastes and sewage should be treated well before mixing in to the river.

Usage of fertilizers and pesticides should be controlled. Garbage wastes and plastic should not be mixed with water.

4. Soil Contamination

Nowadays soil is also polluted by the chemicals used in agriculture, petroleum hydrocarbons, industries, electronic waste, medical waste, and garbage wastes. These chemicals turns soil into toxic which is harmful to humans, animals and plants.

Effects of soil pollution

It makes headaches, vomit, nausea, weakness and affects central nervous system, kidney, liver and various kind of cancer on human.

It affects organic soil matter which acts as a filter for soil. The groundwater is also affected and causes imbalance in soil nutrients. Good microbes in soil are destroyed due to the usage of pesticides and fertilizers. Plants growth is also affected.

Prevention

The usage of fertilizers and pesticides should be minimized. Garbage wastes should be separated into decomposable and non decomposable. Crops can be cultivated in rotation instead of using same crop all times.

5. Radioactive contamination

The presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or solids, liquids or gases is called radioactive pollution. It may occur naturally or human made. Once the radioactive substance released into the environment, it affects air, soil, water, plants, buildings, humans and animals. The power plants are releasing radioisotopes into water. None of us can forget about Hiroshima Nagasaki nuclear blast.

Effects of Radioactive pollution

The exposure to radiation causes skin burns, genetic changes (DNA), reduces life span, hair fall, and thyroid. Plant chromosomes are also affected. Radiation in water affects the bones of the fishes.

Prevention

Radioactive waste disposal should be done in proper way. Labels can be used for radioactive wastes so no mans will get in touch. Nuclear tests can be banned. Instead of radioactive energy, we can try other types of energy.

6. Thermal Pollution

Manufacturing industries and power plants use water to reduce heat in the machines. This hot water is mixed with river, lakes, ponds or oceans which increases the temperature of water suddenly is called thermal pollution.

Effects of thermal Pollution

The oxygen level in the water reduces and is not suitable for aquatic plants and animals to survive. It plays the vital role in climate change. The frozen water of Antarctica is getting changed. The temperature rises during summer season.

Prevention

Cool ponds can be used for storing heated water. Working of machines can be reduced. Before letting out water, it must be treated.

7. Plastic Pollution

A survey says that, the world produces about 380 million tones of plastic every year which turns into pollutant. These plastic pollutants on the surface make plastic pollution.

Effects of Plastic

Plastics bags are in taken by animals which lead to death. Burning of plastic causes air pollution. It takes many years to decompose and the toxin released by them affects soil and groundwater.

Prevention

Usage of plastic bags can be controlled. We can reuse the plastic bottles by planting plants. Nowadays, it is used to lay roads and built buildings.

Conclusion:

Awareness is the best way to control the pollution. By encouraging eco-friendly model for industry and farming we can control all these pollutions.

Written By – Jaya Ambika

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Read Similar Articles – Technology At The Cost Of Environment

What is Ecological Footprint? | Sustainable Development

Article

May 21, 2022
/ Leave a Comment on What is Ecological Footprint? | Sustainable Development

5 min
2 years
904 words

Tagged air pollution, Biocapacity, Biologically Efficient Place, Carbon footprint, Ecological footprint

What is Ecological Footprint? | Sustainable Development

An Environmental/Ecological footprint takes into account the entirety of the supply as well as demand of goods and services for the planet.

Keywords: Ecological footprint, Supply, Demand, thermal power, hydropower units, Carbon footprint, landfills, air pollution, Biocapacity, Biologically Efficient Place, Energy ecological footprint.

Written By: Nikhat Parveen

What is the ecological footprint?

An Environmental/Ecological footprint takes into account the entirety of the supply as well as demand of goods and services for the planet. In doing so, it is assumed that the entire population follows a certain lifestyle characterised by a group of people.

Costs to the Ecology

Energy consumed by households for cooking, heating and cooling comes from Thermal and Hydropower units, through long and costly transmission lines. The impact on air quality is cumulatively enormous owing to the petrol/diesel fuel emissions. Using enormous quantities of non-degradable plastics and waste results in the need for large landfills for dumping that waste. The amount of waste generated is unimaginable.

The Large environmental Footprint must be made smaller. While our small handprint (positive actions for the environment) must be made larger for sustainable development to occur.

We use paper, wood products and non-timber forest resources to manufacture all sorts of goods that lead to deforestation. We use an enormous quantity of water in everyday life, much of it is carelessly wasted and polluted. Can our earth support this high environmental footprint that we are leaving behind every day? 7.8 billion people on earth?

Country	Ecological Footprint ( global hectares )
China	5,200, 000, 000
USA	2, 670, 000, 000
India	1, 450, 000, 000

The Earth has limited natural resources. Water, air, soil, minerals, oil, forest products etc., are all a part of our life-support systems. One cannot imagine life itself without any of these.

Effects of Carbon footprint

Our carbon footprint incurs a negative impact on the atmosphere in multiple ways. Foremost, it is the prime reason for human-induced climate change. It also contributes to air pollution, cyanogenic acid rain, coastal and ocean acidification, and melting of glaciers and polar ice.

It should be noted that ecological footprints can be counterbalanced with the aid of using biocapacity. Refers to the potential of a biologically efficient vicinity to constantly generate renewable sources and smooth up its wastes. A vicinity is taken into consideration as unsustainable if a land’s ecological footprint is more than its biocapacity.

Ecological footprints and carbon footprints are each approaches to measuring something’s effect on the environment.

Biologically Efficient Place

The Ecological Footprint measures human call for nature, i.e., the amount of nature it takes to assist the human system. It tracks this call via an ecological accounting system. The money owed compares the Biologically Efficient Place used for intake to the same expected to exist in a vicinity (biocapacity). In short, it’s the dependence of the human financial system on herbal capital. The ecological footprint is accounted because the biologically efficient place has to provide for a lot of human use. These include vegetables, fish, wood, fibres, absorption of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels as well as area for homes and roads.

Biocapacity is the efficient place which could regenerate what humans call for from nature. Both footprint and biocapacity may be compared on an individual, regional, countrywide or international scale. Both footprint and biocapacity ex-trade with a lot of humans, in procedures of intake, the performance of manufacturing, and productivity of ecosystems. Also the calculations have questioned the sustainability and fairness of contemporary intake and manufacturing practices.

Global Footprint Network

The Global Footprint Network – is a non-profit organisation that calculates the per capita global footprint. It is partnered with hundreds of cities, businesses, and other entities to advance the Ecological Footprint as a metric of sustainability

Ecological Footprint analyses if a country is within its biocapacity or an ecological “capital” for the rest of the world. Also it can vary greatly within countries according to the level of affluence.

Ecological Footprint for Sustainable development

Environmental Educators and Activists have used the Ecological Footprint to raise awareness of unsustainable consumption patterns. Often done for encouraging a change in lifestyles but less to promote awareness of wider structural forces driving such patterns. Many Online footprint calculators have appeared on non-governmental organisation websites with such goals in mind. These allow people to calculate their ecological footprint as well as make comparisons with estimates of available biocapacity globally.

Despite its rapid ascent and widespread use, the Ecological Footprint has faced a wide range of criticism. One of the Ecological footprint’s attractions is that it provides a single aggregate indicator of ecological Impacts.

Through depletion, generation and assimilation as well as use of services from nature, each individual, process, and region affect the planet. Energy ecological footprint is the demand for obtainable energy in an exceedingly specific area and time. It may be a part of the ecological footprint, that is a life of sustainability.

Energy represents a capability that may be utilised in making the products as well as services that are necessary for humanity. With this respect, the human carrying capacity within the world is taken into account. The rate of resource harvest and waste generation can be sustained without impairing the productivity of ecosystems, humans are apart.

The energy ecological footprint as an element of the ecological footprint is extremely vital. This is owing to its dynamic idea that permits process ecosystems at the world scale. Further, sans energy, other parts of the ecosystem will cease functioning, which represents the dynamic force for the method of life.

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