Organ Donation: “Life after death”
Saving Lives: The Power of Organ Donation
Abstract
Donating an organ or a portion of an organ means allowing it to be transplanted into another person. For patients with terminal organ failures, organ transplantation is the only way to prolong their lives and enhance their quality of life. The discrepancy between the availability and demand for donated organs, however, results in the loss of many lives. The number of organ transplantations has significantly increased over the past 20 years. While these operations produce outstanding outcomes in children and young adults, the growing number of older transplant recipients who have co-morbid conditions presents a challenge. As a result of innovations and advancements in surgical management, the outcomes of organ transplantation continue to improve.
INTRODUCTION
Organ donation is the donation of biological tissue or an organ of the human body, from a living or dead person to a living recipient in need of a transplantation.
Transplantable organs and tissues are removed in a surgical procedure following a determination, based on the donor’s medical and social history, of which are suitable for transplantation. Such procedures are termed allotransplantations, to distinguish them from xenotransplantation, the transfer of animal organs into human bodies.
The procedure of getting organs for donation and transplantation solely depends on the capabilities of healthcare services and the performance of healthcare experts in the donor identification and management tasks.
A significant accomplishment has been the growth of organ transplantation in the second part of the 20th century. In recent years, organ transplantation has emerged as one of the most successful options for those with advanced organ failure. Public support, engagement, and awareness have been essential to its success. Without these elements, the effectiveness of organ transplantation and the resulting saving or extension of lives would have surely suffered.
Increasing Need of Organ Transplantation
Rapid growth has been observed in the number of patients in need of organ transplantation. Some transplant programs are attempting to increase the number of transplants from living donors. In response to an increasing number of patients who need transplantation, deaths on the waiting list, and a fixed amount of available organs. Although there has always been the option of living donation. Many programs have been hesitant to advocate for specific transplant types since they involve invasive surgery on a healthy volunteer with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. For instance, even when end-stage patients have dialysis as a treatment option. It may be challenging to justify surgery on a healthy donor given the patient’s reduced quality of life.
Maximizing the donors’ psychological status and well-being both before and after transplantation has emerged as the primary objective of all transplantation centers as the most crucial aspect of organ donation. The psychological issues that are primarily related to living organ donation. It includes preventing psychological harm, making sure donors are fully informed and make their own decisions without coercion. Monitoring donors’ psychological outcomes, or being directly related to the issues that have historically served as obstacles to the use of organs from living donors. By inspiring the public and cultivating knowledge and responsibility within oneself, these obstacles can be overcome.
Organs that can be transplanted from the living donor include one kidney, part of the intestine, pancreas, islets of Langerhans, bone, part of the liver, one testis, bone marrow, and blood. The organs that can be transplanted from the deceased donor are heart, kidney, pancreas, stomach, hand, skin, blood vessel, lungs, liver, intestine, testis, cornea, and heart valve.
TYPES OF ORGAN DONATION
- Autograft – Autograft is the term for the transplant of a person’s tissues from one side of the body to another. Using skin from the legs, for instance, to repair injured skin on the face or another exposed portion.
- Allograft – The transplantation of an organ between two genetically non-identical individuals.
- Xenograft – Transplantation of organs or tissue from one species to another species. For example, the heart valve of a pig is transplanted successfully to humans.
- Isograft – Transplantation of tissue excised from one individual and grafted to another who is identical genetically.
- Split transplant – In this procedure, a single deceased donor liver is divided into right and left portions that are implanted into two recipients simultaneously.
- Domino transplant – A procedure in which an organ is removed from one transplant candidate and immediately transplanted into a second patient, with the first patient receiving a new organ from a deceased donor.
- ABO Incompatible transplantation – ABO-incompatible (ABOi) transplantation is a method of allocation in organ transplantation that permits more efficient use of available organs regardless of ABO blood type. Which would otherwise be unavailable due to hyperacute rejection.
TYPES OF DONORS
- Live donors – A person who is alive when they donate an organ, usually a kidney or a part of their liver.
- Unrelated donors – a person can donate one of his organs to an unrelated donor. According to TOHO act the unrelated donor should be known to the recipient and have some obligation to him.
- Deceased donors – It is the process of giving an organ or a part of an organ, at the time of the donor’s death, for transplantation to another person.
- Paired exchange – In a paired exchange, the recipient in one pair is compatible with the donor from the other pair and vice versa.
- Spousal donation – A spouse can donate an organ to the partner. It has to be recorded that the couple is legally married.
IMPORTANCE OF ORGAN DONATION
Organ donation can be a powerful tool in the grieving process as many donor families take comfort in the knowledge that their beloved one has contributed to saving the lives of others.
A single donor can potentially save as many as eight lives. Additionally, organ donation can have a positive impact on the lives of many individuals, such as those who are blind and require eye transplants. Furthermore, donating organs can help to alleviate depression and other forms of pain, as well as reduce the reliance on costly routine treatments.
It is significantly beneficial for medical science research. Donated organs offer an excellent tool for conducting scientific research and experiments. Furthermore, many medical students can greatly benefit from these organs. Most noteworthy, beneficial medical discoveries could result from organ donation.
Organ donation represents a noble act. It demonstrates the self-sacrifice of an individual, even after their death. It has the potential to save countless lives. Therefore, it is essential to disseminate widespread awareness of organ donation.
CONCLUSION
The decision to donate an organ is complex and strongly based on personal beliefs. Some factors, such as religious and cultural beliefs, seem incomprehensible and are often cited as reasons for surrender. It has often been shown to be linked to more complex issues such as distrust of the medical system. Misunderstandings of religious views, and ignorance of the donation process. Measures to better engage the community, including disadvantaged groups and minorities, in building trust and communicating information hold great promise for promoting organ donation in the future. Donor motives directly contribute to their decision to donate, are not uniform and are influenced by multiple factors.
The majority of the donors were relationship-oriented donors. Whose major motives were desires to relieve suffering & save the life of their loved ones. Raising awareness of organ donation will have a direct impact on the motivation and willingness to donate. By deducing the motivations, many more interventions can be developed to enhance the willingness to donate a living organ. Recruiting living donors is a medical and ethical obligation. The potential of removing an organ from a healthy donor into a recipient requires considerable internal motivation. “Saving one’s life is divine.”
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EduMound in association with Lions Club International – Leo Club Naya Bazar under the campaign #FilltheGap of Leo District 321 A2. Is organizing an awareness campaign with 𝗔𝗱𝘃. 𝗦𝗵𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗺 𝗡𝗮𝗴𝗽𝗮𝗹 on the Organ Donation.
𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲: 𝟲𝘁𝗵 𝗔𝘂𝗴𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟯, 𝗦𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗮𝘆
𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲: 𝟭𝟮:𝟬𝟬 𝗻𝗼𝗼𝗻
𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDGvoGe-E2w
Are you passionate about making a positive impact and saving lives? Join us for an inspiring and educational YouTube Webinar focused on organ donation awareness. Together, let’s unite to create a powerful movement that can transform the lives of countless individuals waiting for a second chance.
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