Pollution – A Rising Concern | Types Of Pollution
Today we are talking about ‘pollution’ which is increasing day by day in the world; It has become a huge problem in today’s time and the reason for its decrease is increasing day by day. Pollution is increasing in water, land, sound and in many ways due to which new diseases are arising which are harmful for all.
Meaning of pollution
Pollution is that undesirable change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air, water and land, which harms humans and other beneficial animals, plants, industrial institutions and other raw materials etc. in any form. Living beings depend on a balanced environment for their development and orderly lifestyle. Normally, each component is present in a certain amount in a balanced environment. As a result, the environment becomes polluted, which proves to be harmful to the living beings in one way or the other, this is called pollution.
Types of Pollution
The problem of pollution has increased along with the increase in population. In developing countries, industrial and chemical wastes have polluted not only water but also air and earth. In a country like India, the question of disposal of domestic waste and dirty water has become a huge issue. Different types of pollution exist in all developed and developing countries.
Following are some of the major types of Pollution –
- Air pollution
- Water Pollution
- Radioactive pollution
- Noise pollution
- Chemical pollution
Air Pollution
Different types of gasses are present in a special proportion in the clean atmosphere. Living beings maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through their activities. Through our breathing process, we take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Green plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the presence of light. Due to this, the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is maintained, but in the name of ignorance and necessity, man keeps on spoiling this balance, this is called air pollution.
‘Air pollution’ has a bad effect on human health. This causes many respiratory diseases, including lung cancer, asthma and other lung related diseases. Particles of many metals radiated in the air also cause many diseases.
- Lead particles especially cause diseases related to the vascular system.
- Cadmium acts as a respiratory poison, which increases the blood pressure and causes many diseases related to the heart.
- Nitrogen oxide causes diseases of lungs, heart and eyes.
- Ozone causes eye disease, cough and chest pain.
Similarly, polluted air and various toxins present within it cause many diseases.
Water Pollution
Water is very important and necessary for all living beings, plants also get their food through water only. Many types of mineral elements, organic and inorganic substances and gasses remain dissolved in water. If these substances get collected in excess quantities in the water, then the water gets polluted and becomes harmful.
According to the ‘Central Water Health Engineering Research Institute’, 360 deaths per 1,00,000 people in India are due to enteritis (typhoid, dysentery etc.) due to impure water. There is no provision of 100%healthy drinking water even for the people in the cities.
In many cities of the country, drinking water is taken from a nearby river and often in the same river sewage and urine of the city and waste and residual substances coming out of the factories flow. Due to such activities, the water of most of the rivers of our country is getting polluted.
Radioactive Pollution
As a result of nuclear power generation centers and nuclear testing, the pollution of water, air and earth is continuously increasing. Thispollution will prove to be harmful not only for today’s generation but also for future generations!
The radioactive substances produced at the time of explosion enter the outer layers of the atmosphere, where they cool down and take the form of drops in a condensed state and spread all over the world in the form of very small dust particles with gusts of wind. are going.
In the Second World War, many people were crippled due to the explosion of atomic bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Not only this, the future progeny of such affected areas also suffered from many types of diseases.
Noise Pollution
Noise pollution is generated by many types of vehicles like motor cars, buses, jet aircraft, tractors, loudspeakers, instruments and sirens of factories and different types of machines etc. Sound waves affect the actions of living beings!
Due to excessive noise, the hearing power of a person decreases and he/she does not sleep properly. Even due to the effect of noise pollution,there is sometimes so much pressure on the nervous system that the disease of insanity arises.
Chemical Pollution
Often, farmers use insecticides,herbicides and chemicals for higher yields, these have harmful effects on health. Indiscriminate use of modern pesticides is also causing harm instead of benefit!
When these chemicals flow with rain water and reach the ocean through rivers, they have a fatal effect on marine animals and plants, and not only this, the human body is also affected by them in one way or the other.
Pollution Control
For the last few years, a new consciousness has arisen in the whole world to stop the pollution in the environment and for its proper protection.
Before industrialization, this problem had never become so serious, nor did scientists and others saw the need to pay much attention to this arena, but both industrialization and population growth have created a serious problem of pollution in front of the world.
Efforts are necessary at both individual and governmental levels to prevent pollution.
Under this, ‘Central Pollution Control Boards‘ and ‘State Pollution Control Boards‘ have been constituted in all the legistature. These boards have prepared plans for pollution control and have also set standards for disposal of industrial waste.
In order to prevent the pollution caused by industries, the Government Of India has recently taken an important decision that before giving license to new industries, they will have to have proper arrangement for disposal of industrial waste and approval from environmental experts.
Similarly, they will also have to take responsibility for proper disposal and arrangement of smoke and other polluting wastes. Strict rules have been made to prevent uncontrolled deforestation, efforts are being made to create new forest areas and encourage people to plant trees.
Only with the awareness of the environment, we will be able to live better and healthier lives in the coming times and will be able to free the coming generation from the curse of pollution.
Author’s Note –
As man is developing his scientific powers, with this development growing alongside is the problem of pollution. Major pollution of the environment is seen to be done by the developed countries. However this is a problem that cannot be seen by tying it to the boundaries of a specific region or nation. This is a worldwide problem, so only the joint effort of all nations can be helpful in getting rid of this problem.
Let’s join the green revolution and stop pollution!
Written By – Aryan Gaur
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