Personality Traits | The Psychological Aspect of Behaviour
Personality Traits – The Psychological Aspect of Behaviour
Temperament refers to a stable association of individual personality traits and form a person’s behaviour.
The concept of temperament crafted by ancient Greek Philosophers, including Hippocrates and Galen, who postulated that the cause of a person’s usual behavior is his varying concentration of humors. Derived from the Latin word ‘temperare’ which means “to mix”. The word itself suggests a relation between behavioral predispositions and basic biological substrates. Despite the long history of investigation, the precise definition of temperament continues to be a subject of much debate and discussion. General consensus does exist around some key components of temperamental traits, including their manifestation early in life, genetic influence, and at least moderate stability across time.
Temperament is closely related to congenital, anatomical and physiological characteristics of the higher nervous activity.
When people talk about temperament, they mean mental differences between people, differences in the depth, intensity, stability of emotions, emotional sensibility, tempo, energy, and other dynamic activities.
Based on different Temperaments according to Hypocrates there are four major types of personality are :
CHOLERIC
The Choleric Temperament is fundamentally ambitious and leader-like. They have a lot of aggression, energy, passion, and try to instill it in others.
They can dominate people of other temperaments, especially phlegmatic types. Many great charismatic military and political figures were choleric. They like to be in
charge of everything.
SANGUINE
The Sanguine Temperament is impulsive fundamentally and pleasure-seeking; sanguine people are sociable and charismatic. They tend to enjoy social gatherings, making new friends. Sanguine are also sensitive, mean, compassionate and romantic. They are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic.
They are talkative and not shy. Sanguins generally have an almost shameless nature, certain that what they are doing is right. They have no lack of confidence, Sanguine people are warm-hearted, pleasant, lively and optimistic.
MELANCHOLIC
The Melancholic Temperament is fundamentally introverted and thoughtful. Melancholic people often were perceived as very (or overly) pondering and considerate, getting rather worried when they could not be on time for events.
Melancholics can be highly creative in activities such as poetry and art-craft and are preoccupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world. Often they are perfectionists. They are independent; one negative part of being a melancholic is that they can get so involved in what they are doing they forget to think of others.
PHLEGMATIC
The Phlegmatic Temperament is fundamentally relaxed and quiet, ranging from warmly attentive to lazily sluggish. Phlegmatics tend to be content with themselves and are kind. They are accepting and affectionate. They may be receptive and shy and often prefer stability to uncertainty and change. They are consistent, relaxed, calm, rational, curious, and observant, qualities that make them good administrators. They can also be passive-aggressive.
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